INTRODUCTION TO THE INTERNET

HISTORY OF THE INTERNET


MID 1960:  First paper on packet switching theory.


END 1969s:  ARPANET sponsors the development of a packet-switching network, called the ARPANET. First four nodes are UCLA(University California of Los Angles), SRI(Stanford Research University), U.UTAH(University of Utah), and UCSB(University California of Santa Barbara).


1974:  The TCP/IP protocols and models are being processed by Cerf/Kahn.


1980:  IPv4 is introduced.


1983:  ARPANET adopts TCP/IP. At this time, the ARPANET has 200 routers.


1984:  NSF(National Science Foundation) funds a TCP/IP based backbone network. this backbone grows into the NSFNET, which becomes the successor of the ARPANET.


1995:  NSF stops funding of NSFNET. The Internet is completely commercial.

INTERNET


The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide.

USES OF INTERNET

• Send e-mails.
• Send or Receive files via Internet
• Surfing the web

APPLICATIONS OF INTERNET

• Traditional core applications: Emails, news, remote login, file transfer, etc.
• The killer application: World-Wide Web
• New applications: Video conferencing, telephony, P2P applications, internet broadcast, etc.

7 LAYERS OF THE OSI MODEL

• Layer 1: Physical
• Layer 2: Data link
• Layer 3: Network
• Layer 4: Transport
• Layer 5: Session
• Layer 6: Presentation
• Layer 7: Application

HTML

HTML is a language for describing web pages. HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language.

HTML allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive forms. It provides a means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and other items. It can embed scripts in languages such as JavaScript which affect the behaviour of HTML web pages.

WORLD WIDE WEB

It is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them via hyper-links.

Website is a collection of linked web pages that has a common theme or focus.

Webpage is electronic documents in a web page.

Main page of website is a homepage.